PRIME research activities have ended
PRogramme for Improving Mental health carE
What we do
The Programme for Improving Mental Healthcare (PRIME) is a consortium of research institutions and ministries of health in five countries in Asia and Africa (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, South Africa & Uganda), with partners in the UK and the World Health Organization (WHO). PRIME is supported by the UK government’s Department for International Development (DFID), and is a six year programme which was launched in May 2011.
Where we do it
Why we do it
More than 13% of the global burden of disease is due to mental illness (includes mental, neurological and substance abuse disorders). Although the vast majority of people affected by mental illness live in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), most mental health care resources are located in high-income countries.
This lack of resources for effective treatment has contributed to a large ‘treatment gap’, i.e. up to 4 out of every 5 people with mental illness in LMIC go without mental health care.
With it's research, PRIME's teams work relentlessly to improve the coverage of treatment for priority mental disorders in it's study countries as well as other LMICs.
These guidelines are a practical tool that are intended to empower health care practitioners to deliver mental health services at the primary health care level. PRIME will work closely with Ministries of Health, health care providers, academic institutions and civil society organisations to set up ‘demonstration sites’ in each of the five countries. By generating research evidence aimed at integrating mental health care into primary and maternal health systems, PRIME aims to make a direct contribution to reducing the ‘treatment gap’ not only in the five PRIME countries, but also in other low resource settings.
Our partners
PRIME is a made up of an international group of mental health researchers and policy makers who are committed to improving mental health in low resource settings.
Partners involved in this diverse consortium include the World Health Organization, the Centre for Global Mental Health (incorporating London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and King’s Health Partners, UK), Ministries of Health and research institutions in Ethiopia (Addis Ababa University), India (Public Health Foundation of India), Nepal (TPO Nepal), South Africa (University of Cape Town, Perinatal Mental Health Project, University of Kwazulu-Natal & HSRC) and Uganda (Makerere University / Butabika Hospital); and international NGOs such as Healthnet TPO and Sangath.
PRIME Leadership
Prof Crick Lund
PRIME CEO
University of Cape Town & King's College London
Email: crick.lund@uct.ac.za
Vikram Patel Prof Vikram Patel
PRIME Research Director
Harvard Medical School
Email: Vikram_Patel@hms.harvard.edu
Dr Charlotte Hanlon
PRIME Research Director & Co-investigator: Ethiopia
King’s College London, UK
Email: charlotte.hanlon@kcl.ac.uk
University of Cape Town
Erica Breuer
PRIME Project Manager
Centre for Public Mental Health
University of Cape Town
Email: erica.breuer@uct.ac.za
Gillian Hanslo
PRIME Administrator
Centre for Public Mental Health
University of Cape Town
Email: gillian.hanslo@uct.ac.za
Dr Simone Honikman
Director: Perinatal Mental Health Project (PMHP)
Centre for Public Mental Health
University of Cape Town
Email: simone.honikman@uct.ac.za
Emily Baron
PRIME Data Manager
Centre for Public Mental Health
University of Cape Town
Email: emily.baron@uct.ac.za
Deepak Soowamber
PRIME Data Manager
Centre for Public Mental Health
University of Cape Town
Email: deepak.soowamber@uct.ac.za
Maggie Marx
PRIME Communications Officer
Centre for Public Mental Health
University of Cape Town
Email: maggie.marx@uct.ac.za
Center for Global Mental Health
Prof Martin Prince
King’s College London, UK
Email: martin.prince@kcl.co.uk
Prof Graham Thornicroft
King’s College London, UK
Email: graham.thornicroft@kcl.ac.uk
Dr Sujit Rathod
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
Email: sujit.rathod@lshtm.ac.uk
Dr David McDaid
London School of Economics, UK
Email: D.Mcdaid@lse.ac.uk
World Health Organization
Dr Shekhar Saxena
World Health Organization
Email: saxenas@who.int
Dr Neerja Chowdhary
World Health Organization
Email: chowdharyn@who.int
Countries
Research locations
The Dr Kenneth Kaunda District (DKK) in the North West Province was chosen as the study site by the Department of Health as it is one of three districts where the integrated chronic disease management (ICDM) is being piloted in the country, and is a pilot site for national health insurance and the re-engineering of primary heathcare. DKK is in the southern part of the North West Province, which is located immediately west of the populous Gauteng province. DKK comprises four subdistricts, with a population of approximately 796 823, the majority of whom (90%) are urban.
The main economic activities are mining and agriculture. Public health facilities include regional hospitals, primary healthcare facilities and one specialist in-patient mental health facility. Private healthcare facilities are also available but were not the focus of study given the emphasis on integrating mental health into the public service ICDM service delivery platform.
For more information, read Integrating mental health into chronic care in South Africa: the development of a district mental healthcare plan in a special supplement on PRIME published in the British Journal of Psychiatry.
Research team
Prof Inge Petersen
Principal Investigator
University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Email: peterseni@ukzn.ac.za
Prof Arvin Bhana
Co-investigator
University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Email: arvin.bhana@gmail.com
Dr Lara Fairall
Co-investigator
University of Cape Town, South Africa
Email: lara.fairall@uct.ac.za
Tasneem Kathree
Project Coordinator
University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Email: kathree@ukzn.ac.za
One Selohilwe
Project Coordinator
University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Email: selohilwe@ukzn.ac.za
Prof Melvyn Freeman
Department of Health, South Africa
Email: freemm@health.gov.za
Click here to download the South Africa Mental Healthcare Plan
Research locations
The setting for the implementation of the PRIME Mental Health Care Plan (MHCP) is the Sodo district, located about 100 km south of the capital city, Addis Ababa. The total population is 161 952 people. The district is geographically diverse with some of the most inaccessible terrains in the region.
Amharic is the official language of the district, as is the case for the region. The study district was selected because it represented the geographical, and to some extent, the cultural diversity of the country. The district is also in close proximity to the Butajira district, which hosts study sites for Addis Ababa University.
For more information, read Development of a scalable mental healthcare plan for a rural district in Ethiopia from a special supplement on PRIME published in the British Journal of Psychiatry.
Research team
Dr Abebaw Fekadu
Principal Investigator
Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Email: abe.wassie@kcl.ac.uk
Dr Charlotte Hanlon
PRIME Research Director & Co-investigator: Ethiopia
King’s College London, UK
Email: charlotte.hanlon@kcl.ac.uk
Dr Girmay Medhin
Project Coordinator
Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Email: gtmedhin@yahoo.com
Medhin Selamu
Intervention co-coordinator
Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Email: medselamu@yahoo.com
Dr Tedla Wolde-Giorgis
Ministry of Health, Ethiopia
Email: giorgistw@aol.com
Research locations
Madhya Pradesh is situated in the central part of India and has a population of 72.5 million, which accounts for 6% of the total population of India. Madhya Pradesh was selected because it was a priority state for UK Aid on the grounds of its poor general health indicators. Sehore district, which lies in the south-west direction of the state capital, Bhopal, has a population of 1.3 million that is predominantly rural (81%) and covers an area of 6578 km2.
Sehore district was selected because it is one of the districts where the District Mental Health Plan has already been implemented and therefore the infrastructure to develop, implement and scale up the Mental Health Care Plan was already in place.
For more information, read Development and piloting of a plan for integrating mental health in primary care in Sehore district, Madhya Pradesh, India published in a special supplement on PRIME in the British Journal of Psychiatry.
Research team
Dr Rahul Shidhaye
Principal Investigator
Public Health Foundation of India
Email: rahulshidhaye@gmail.com
Vaibhav Murhar
Project Coordinator
Sangath
Email: vaibhav.murhar@sangath.in
Dr Sanjay Shrivastava
Intervention Coordinator
Sangath
Email: sanjay.shrivastava@sangath.in
Dr KK Thassu
Ministry of Health, India
Email: kkthassu@yahoo.com
Research locations
Kamuli, the implementation district for PRIME, is a typical rural district in Eastern Uganda, with a population of approximately 500 800 people. The district has a fertility rate of 6.7, higher than the national average of 6.2 children per woman; a maternal mortality rate of 347 per 100 000 live births, compared with the national average of 438 per 100 000 live births and an infant mortality rate of 79 per 1000 live births, compared with the national average of 54 per 1000 live births.
The district was chosen out of the 112 districts in Uganda (a country with a population of 35.4 million people) mainly because it was typical of many rural districts in the country, with inadequate staffing and limited mental health service provision at primary care level. It could therefore form a model district if assisted to develop and operationalise its Mental Health Care Plan. Kamuli is a peaceful district and was not affected by insurgence in Northern Uganda. Administratively, the district is made up of two counties, ten subcounties and a number of parishes and villages. Like all other districts, healthcare in Kamuli is offered at five levels of care, in line with the national policy.
For more information, read Development of a district mental healthcare plan in Uganda in a special supplement on PRIME published in the British Journal of Psychiatry.
Research team
Dr Fred Kigozi
Principal Investigator
Makerere University/Butabika National Hospital, Uganda
Email: fredkigozi@yahoo.com
Dr Juliet Nakku
Co-investigator
Makerere University/Butabika National Hospital, Uganda
Email: jnakku@yahoo.com
Joshua Ssebunnya
Project Coordinator
Makerere University/Butabika National Hospital, Uganda
Email: joy95h@yahoo.co.uk
Dr Sheila Ndyanabangi
Ministry of Health, Uganda
Email: sndyanabangi@yahoo.com
Click here to download the Uganda Mental Healthcare Plan
Research locations
Nepal, with a total population of 28 million, has come out of a violent insurgency that took place between 1996 and 2006, initiated by the Communist Party of Nepal – Maoist and fuelled by poverty, unequal distribution of wealth, social marginalisation and disappointment with state governance. Since the 2006 peace agreement, the country has been in a devastating political gridlock around the drafting of a new constitution.
PRIME has been implemented in Chitwan, a district on the southern plains of Nepal. Chitwan has a population of 575 058 people, 73% of whom live in a rural setting and a literacy rate of 70% (compared with the national average of 54%). With two psychiatrists and a psychiatric ward in the district public hospital, the district is better off compared with most in Nepal, but similarly to the rest of the country, it has no mental health services as part of the basic healthcare package delivered in locally available primary care.
For more information, read Development and pilot testing of a mental healthcare plan in Nepal in a special supplement on PRIME published in the British Journal of Psychiatry.
Research team
Dr Mark Jordans
Principal Investigator
Healthnet TPO, Netherlands
Email: mark.jordans@hntpo.org
Nagendra Luitel
Project Coordinator
TPO Nepal
Email: luitelnp@gmail.com
Mr. Anup Adhikari
District Coordinator
TPO Nepal
Email: adhikari.anup82@gmail.com
Mr Rajeev Pokharel
Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP), Nepal
Email: rajeevpokharel30@gmail.com
News Archive
2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015
Innovations & Learnings from PRIME - Integrating Mental Health into Primary Healthcare in LMICs
On 8 March 2019 PRIME hosted a morning event in London to share the research findings and recommendations developed after completing 8 years of research in its five study countries.
Our speakers discussed how the PRIME team developed, implemented, scaled up and evaluated district-level mental healthcare plans in Ethiopia, India, Nepal, South Africa and Uganda.
A service provider working with PRIME in Nepal and a policy maker involved with PRIME in Uganda also shared their experiences.
Other highlights included Dr Juliet Nakku discussing how her team aimed to address maternal mental health challenges in their district. Prof Mark Jordans from PRIME Nepal spoke about the novel community informant detection tool that his team developed to encouraging mental health service uptake in their district.
Five of PRIME's PhD students ended the event with rapid-fire presentations on their research. All the sessions were followed by a lively question and discussion session.
View a recording of the event below or download the presentation. Pictures of the event are available on Google Photos.
PRIME Reports:
Impact report: improving access to mental healthcare in low- and middle-income countries
Maternal mental health report: improving access to mental healthcare in low- and middle-income countries
News Archive
April 2019
PRIME's Prof Vikram Patel receives prestigous award - 9 Apr 2019 - 13:30
The Canada Gairdner Awards celebrate the world’s best biomedical and global health researchers through seven annual awards, and this year PRIME research director, Prof Vikram Patel was one of the recipients.
Prof Patel was awarded the John Dirks Canada Gairdner Global Health Award for "his world-leading research in global mental health, generating knowledge on the burden and determinants of mental health problems in low- and middle-income countries and pioneering approaches for the prevention and treatment of mental health in low-resource settings." (Gairdner.org)
You can watch Prof Patel speak about his work and the award in this video produced by the Canada Gairdner Awards:
February 2019
Study Shows Integrated Mental Healthcare Approach Can Help - 27 Feb 2019 - 22:15
PRIME presents workshop for key stakeholders in Sierra Leone - 19 Feb 2019 - 13:30
October 2018
PRIME presents findings around the world - 11 Oct 2018 - 12:30
PRIME Presents at mhGAP - 11 Oct 2018 - 12:30
PRIME Researchers Launch Report as Part of Lancet Global Mental Health Commission - 11 Oct 2018 - 12:30
September 2018
Late Dr Sheila Ndyanabangi Honoured by PRIME Colleagues - 28 Sep 2018 - 12:30
PRIME South Africa Presents Findings to Ministerial Advisory Committee - 4 Sep 2018 - 10:45
July 2018
PRIME's Prof Mark Jordans Receives Special Appointment - 26 Jul 2018 - 12:30
June 2018
PRIME Ethiopia holds CAG Meeting - 1 Jun 2018 - 11:15
May 2018
PRIME Trains Health Workers in Maternal Mental Health - 1 May 2018 - 11:00
February 2018
PRIME Plans for the Year Ahead - 14 Feb 2018 - 11:15
Prof Vikram Patel Announced as Member of High-level WHO Commission - 5 Feb 2018 - 09:15
November 2017
PRIME Uganda Celebrates WMHD - 15 Nov 2017 - 09:30
October 2017
PRIME makes impact in Nepal - 19 Oct 2017 - 11:15
PRIME at the WHO mhGAP Forum - 17 Oct 2017 - 15:30
April 2017
World Health Day: Global Mental Healthcare Needs Urgent Change - 7 Apr 2017 - 12:00
PRIME India brings change to Madhya Pradesh - 1 Apr 2017 - 12:00
PRIME receives 2-year extension - 1 Apr 2017 - 12:00
Sixth Annual Meeting a Great Success - 1 Apr 2017 - 12:00
November 2016
First PRIME PhD candidate graduates - 1 Nov 2016 - 12:00
PRIME commemorates World Mental Health Day - 1 Nov 2016 - 12:00
PRIME makes impact at the RHC 2016 - 1 Nov 2016 - 12:00
October 2016
mhGAP implementation in Uganda a great success - 24 Oct 2016 - 12:00
PRIME South Africa reaches across borders - 20 Oct 2016 - 12:00
September 2016
PRIME CEO inspired by visit to Chitwan district in Nepal - 30 Sep 2016 - 12:00
August 2016
Special report by NDTV features PRIME India - 25 Aug 2016 - 12:00
India Passes New Mental Health Care Bill - 17 Aug 2016 - 12:00
Recent PRIME publications focus on perinatal mental disorders - 1 Aug 2016 - 12:00
July 2016
News Clip: Depression After Childbirth a Silent Killer in India - 28 Jul 2016 - 12:00
PRIME's Prof Crick Lund receives NSTF award for continuous research efforts - 1 Jul 2016 - 12:00
April 2016
Mental health care accessible for the first time to thousands of people living in poor and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries - 13 Apr 2016 - 12:00
December 2015
Workshop in India a great success - 18 Dec 2015 - 12:00
VIDEO: PRIME India's Dr Rahul Shidhaye Delivers Keynote Speech - 10 Dec 2015 - 12:00
Community Engagement: PRIME Ethiopia share story of hope from a homeless patient - 2 Dec 2015 - 12:00
November 2015
Research Update as PRIME enters 5th grant year - 26 Nov 2015 - 12:00
PRIME Nepal Commemorates World Mental Health Day - 12 Nov 2015 - 12:00
October 2015
A State of Mind: Decades of mismanagement have hobbled India's mental health programme - 14 Oct 2015 - 12:00
Ethiopian PhD students visit PRIME at UCT - 13 Oct 2015 - 12:00
PRIME India commemorates World Mental Health Day - 13 Oct 2015 - 12:00
Publications | Theory of Change Maps | Mental Healthcare Plans
Overview & methods of publications
Commentary & analysis publications
Scripting Implementation phase publications
(1) to develop a structured logical and evidence-based ToC map as a basis for a mental health care plan in each district;
(2) to contextualise the plans; and
(3) to obtain stakeholder buy-in in Ethiopia, India, Nepal, South Africa and Uganda.
Please find below PRIME ToC maps for each country:
* South Africa
* Ethiopia
* India
* Uganda
* Nepal
* Cross-Country
For more information about PRIME's ToC process, check out the following published papers:
Using theory of change to design and evaluate public health interventions: a systematic review Implementation Science Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Mary De Silva and Crick Lund
Using workshops to develop Theories of Change in five low and middle income countries: lessons from the Programme for Improving Mental health carE (PRIME). International Journal of Mental Health Systems. Erica Breuer, Mary J De Silva, Abebaw Fekadu, Nagendra Prasad Luitel, Vaibhav Murhar, Juliet Nakku, Inge Petersen and Crick Lund.
Please see below the MHCP pertaining to each of PRIME's study countries
Ethiopia | India | Nepal | South Africa | Uganda
The following publications describe PRIME's work in developing mental healthcare plans (MHCP) for each of its study countries:
Integration of mental health into primary care in low- and middle-income countries: The PRIME mental healthcare plans.British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Crick Lund, Mark Tomlinson, Vikram Patel
Developing a mental health care plan in a low resource setting: the theory of change approachBMC Health Services Research
Maji Hailemariam, Abebaw Fekadu, Medhin Selamu, Atalay Alem, Girmay Medhin, Tedla Wolde Giorgis, Mary DeSilva and Erica Breuer
District Mental Health Care Plans for five low- and middle-income countries: commonalities, variations and evidence gaps.British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Charlotte Hanlon, Abebaw Fekadu, Mark Jordans, Fred Kigozi, Inge Petersen, Rahul Shidhaye, Simone Honikman, Crick Lund, Martin Prince, Shoba Raja, Graham Thornicroft, Mark Tomlinson, Vikram Patel
Evaluation of district mental healthcare plans: the PRIME consortium methodology. British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Mary J De Silva, Sujit D Rathod, Charlotte Hanlon, Erica Breuer, Dan Chisholm, Abebaw Fekadu, Mark Jordans, Fred Kigozi, Inge Petersen, Rahul Shidhaye, Girmay Medhin, Joshua Ssebunnya, Martin Prince, Graham Thornicroft, Mark Tomlinson, Crick Lund, Vikram Patel
Estimating the cost of implementing district mental healthcare plans in five low- and middle-income countries: the PRIME study.British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Dan Chisholm, Soumitra Burman-Roy , Abebaw Fekadu, Tasneem Kathree, Dorothy Kizza, Nagendra P. Luitel, Inge Petersen, Rahul Shidhaye, Mary De Silva, Crick Lund
Development of a scalable mental healthcare plan for a rural district in Ethiopia.British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Abebaw Fekadu, Charlotte Hanlon, Girmay Medhin, Atalay Alem, Medhin Selamu, Tedla W. Giorgis, Teshome Shibre, Solomon Teferra, Teketel Tegegn, Erica Breuer, Vikram Patel, Mark Tomlinson, Graham Thornicroft, Martin Prince, and Crick Lund
Development and piloting of a plan for integrating Mental Health in primary care in Sehore District, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaBritish Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Rahul Shidhaye, Sanjay Shrivastava, Vaibhav Murhar, Sandesh Samudre, Shalini Ahuja, Rohit Ramaswamy, Vikram Patel
Development and pilot-testing of a mental healthcare plan in NepalBritish Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Mark Jordans, Nagendra Prasad Luitel, Pooja Pokhrel, Vikram Patel
Development of a District Mental Health Care Plan in UgandaBritish Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Fred N Kigozi, Dorothy Kizza, Juliet Nakku, Joshua Ssebunnya, Sheila Ndyanabangi, Blandina
Integrating mental health into chronic care in South Africa: the development of a district mental health plan.British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement
Inge Petersen, Lara Fairall, Arvin Bhana, Tasneem Kathree, One Selohilwe, Carrie Brooke-Sumner, Gill Faris, Erica Breuer, Nomvula Sibanyoni, Crick Lund, Vikram Patel
Capacity Impact | Policy Impact | PRIME Policy Briefs | Research Impact
PRIME has built both institutional and individual capacity. Since 2017, we have received five grants which are aligned with PRIME objectives which exceeds our log frame target of at least 2 externally funded research grants successfully applied for or received from 2017 onwards.
This brings the cumulative total to> £36 million. These grants will ensure that the institutional capacity built because of PRIME will remain within the PRIME partner institutions and strengthen the networks built through PRIME.
We have also provided protected time for our PhD students. Fourteen of the 21 PhD students have now graduated (9 women and 5 men) and a further student has submitted. For the remaining 6 students, all data collection has been completed or will be funded through another source.
Supervision continues after the end of PRIME.
At the PRIME dissemination event in March 2019, five PhD students presented their PhD work and took part in a panel discussion. Following on from this, they are currently writing blogs about their work which will be disseminated through the Mental Health Innovation Network.
Additional capacity building work through PRIME has included the development of “Evidence to Practice”, an online course for mental health professionals working in the Pacific Islands. This course is designed to build the capacity of mental health professionals to develop and evaluate MHCPs using an implementation science approach. Another focus of the consortium was to increase the capacity of researchers to analyse and publish research findings. Cumulative research publications by partner groups have increased an average of 14% across partners from 2017 to 2018.
Ethiopia
Ethiopian National Mental Health Strategy (2012) and current revision
India
New Pathways, New Hope: National Mental Health Policy of India (2014)
National Mental Health policy working group
SOHAM: scaling up across all 51 districts in Madhya Pradesh state (2016)
Inform the national operational guidelines for the National Health System Resource Centre (NHSRC) Health and Wellness Centres in India (2018)
Nepal
Third Nepal Health Sector Plan (in development)
MHCP training officially adopted by National Training Institute
Psychotropic medications for free drug list
The Primary Healthcare Revitalisation Division of Nepal the Community Mental Health Care Package, Nepal, 2074 - drawing heavily from PRIME (2017)
South Africa
South African National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan (2013)
Mental Health Technical Advisory Committee to the Minister of Health
Dr Kenneth Kaunda district mental health task team
CDC support to scale up (2015-2018)
Uganda
National Mental Health Strategic Plan (in development)
International
2013 Global Mental Health Action Plan (WHO) 2013-2020
2013 Strengthening Human Resources Through Development of Candidate Core Competencies for Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa: Workshop Summary
2013 WHO AFRO Regional Mental Health Action Plan
2013 WISH 2013 Mental Health Report: "Transforming Lives, Enhancing Communities"
2014 The Disability and Development Session of the House of Commons
2014 UK Parliamentary Report – Mental Health for Sustainable Development
2015 WHO global strategy on people-centred and integrated health services: interim report
2016 ODI Report - Mental health funding and the SDGs: What now and who pays?
2016 Providing Sustainable Mental and Neurological Health Care in Ghana and Kenya: Workshop Summary
2016 WHO Handbook - Strategizing national health in the 21st century: a handbook
2016 World Bank/WHO meeting on "Out of the Shadows: Making mental health a global development priority", Washington DC
2017 PRIME has made a substantial contribution to the WHO mhGAP Operations Manual
PRIME Manuals
Below are psycho-social rehabilitation manuals for schizophrenia and counselling manuals for depression. The manuals were developed by PRIME's South African team at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN). The research team is led by Prof Inge Petersen, Director for the Centre for Rural Health at UKZN.
Any queries regarding these documents can be directed to Prof Petersen at peterseni@ukzn.ac.za.
- PRIME Psychosocial Rehabilitation (PSR) Support Groups: Facilitator’s Guide
- PRIME Psychosocial Rehabilitation (PSR): Trainer’s Manual
- Counselling Manual for Depression: The behaviour change counsellor’s guide to depression - Main manual
- Counselling Manual for Depression: The behaviour change counsellor’s guide to depression - Resources
